爱游戏体育在线app新人权益 - 爱游戏体育在线app

爱游戏体育在线app新人权益
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碳材料在限域生长过渡金属基析氢催化剂中的应用进展

Advances in the application of carbon materials in confined growth of transition metal-based hydrogen evolution catalysts

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    摘要

  • 摘要: 氢气作为清洁能源,其高效制备依赖于高性能电催化剂。过渡金属基催化剂虽成本低、活性良好,但存在易团聚、导电性差及稳定性不足等问题。碳纳米材料通过限域生长策略可有效解决上述问题,显著提升催化剂的析氢性能与稳定性。根据碳材料维度差异,系统综述其应用特点:一维材料(碳纳米管、线、纤维)凭借轴向限域效应和高导电性,有效封装纳米颗粒,抑制团聚并促进电子传输;二维材料(石墨烯、碳纳米片)利用面内锚定与层间限域,优化催化剂分散性与界面电子结构;三维材料(碳泡沫、多孔碳、碳壳等)通过多级孔道与立体限域空间,增强传质与稳定性。本文重点探讨碳材料在调控催化剂形貌、尺寸、电子结构及提升酸碱稳定性方面的作用机制,并指出当前研究的不足与未来发展方向。

     

    Abstract: Hydrogen, recognized as a clean energy source, highly depends on high-performance electrocatalysts for its efficient production. Although transition metal-based catalysts are low-cost and exhibit good activity, they suffer from issues such as agglomeration, poor conductivity, and insufficient stability. Carbon nanomaterials can effectively address these problems through a confined growth strategy, significantly enhancing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance and stability of the catalysts. Based on the dimensional differences of carbon materials, this article systematically reviews their application characteristics: One-dimensional materials (carbon nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers), leverage axial confinement effects and high conductivity to effectively encapsulate nanoparticles, suppress agglomeration, and facilitate electron transfer; Two-dimensional materials (graphene, carbon nanosheets) utilize in-plane anchoring and interlayer confinement to optimize catalyst dispersion and interfacial electronic structure; Three-dimensional materials (carbon foam, porous carbon, carbon shells, etc.) enhance mass transfer and stability through hierarchical pore channels and three-dimensional confined spaces. The review focuses on the mechanisms through which carbon materials modulate catalyst morphology, size, electronic structure, and improve stability in both acidic and alkaline environments. Moreover, the current research limitations and future development directions are also pointed out.

     

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    参考文献(79)

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