茜素红S表面分子印迹聚合物的制备及印染废水选择性回收应用
Preparation of Alizarin Red S surface molecularly imprinted polymer and its application in selective recovery of dyeing and printing wastewater
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摘要: 有机染料作为印染废水中的主要污染物,具有难以降解和广泛生态毒性的特点,对水生生态系统和人类健康构成重大威胁。然而,传统的废水处理方法无法实现对单一染料分子的有效、选择性回收和资源化利用。基于此,通过策略性地引入π–π堆积、静电吸引和氢键等多种分子间相互作用,开发了针对代表性蒽醌染料(茜素红S,ARS)的表面分子印迹聚合物(ARS/SMIPs)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和热重分析(TG)等手段系统分析了ARS/SMIPs的结构和形貌特性。研究结果表明,ARS/SMIPs呈粒径较为均一的粗糙球形结构,分散性良好,对ARS具有高效的吸附能力(吸附量419.23 mg·g−1),快速富集(5 s)和显著的再生性能(第10次再生循环时,ARS/SMIPS吸附量仍保持约300 mg·g−1)。重要的是,在六元竞争吸附环境中,ARS/SMIPs 对干扰物的吸附效率低至 12.53%。此外,在实际印染废水中,ARS 的回收率达到了96.23%,且对杂质的吸附可忽略不计。本研究为印染废水中特定染料的高效分离与资源化回收提供了一种新策略,在实际工业场景中展现出良好的应用潜力。Abstract: Organic dyes, as primary pollutants in printing and dyeing wastewater, are characterized by their recalcitrance to degradation and widespread ecotoxicity, posing significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. However, conventional wastewater treatment methods often fail to achieve efficient, selective recovery and resource-oriented utilization of individual dye molecules. Based on this, surface molecularly imprinted polymers (ARS/SMIPs) targeting a representative anthraquinone dye (Alizarin Red S, ARS) was developed by strategically incorporating multiple intermolecular interactions, including π–π stacking, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding. The structural and morphological properties of the synthesized ARS/SMIPs were systematically characterized using FT-IR, SEM, XRD, VSM and TG. Results demonstrate that ARS/SMIPs exhibit a uniformly sized, roughly spherical morphology with favorable dispersibility and show efficient adsorption capacity (419.23 mg·g−1) towards alizarin, rapid enrichment (within 5 s) and prominent regeneration performance (maintaining an adsorption capacity of approximately 300 mg·g−1 even after the 10th cycles). Importantly, in a senary competitive adsorption environment, the adsorption efficiency of ARS/SMIPs for interferents is as low as 12.53% for 100% of ARS. Furthermore, the spiked recovery of ARS in real printing and dyeing wastewater reached 96.23% with negligible adsorption towards impurities. This work provides a promising strategy for selective separation and resource recovery of specific dyes from wastewater, holding great potential for practical industrial applications.
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